This measure is calculated based on data extracted from the electronic medical record combined with administrative data sources such as professional fee and discharge diagnoses data. This measure is explicitly not based on provider self-attestation.
Percentage of cases that active warming was administered by the anesthesia provider.
Anesthesia Start to Patient Extubated
Cases with general or neuraxial anesthetic technique.
The active warming (TEMP 01) measure will identify the percentage of cases in which an active warming device was applied between Case Start and Case End or the patient maintained a temperature above 36.0°C without active warming. In the event that the provider opts to not use an active warming device, the case will meet the measure requirements if at least one temperature is greater than or equal to 36.0°C within 30 minutes before extubation.
Active Warming includes:
Passive Warming interventions (NOT active warming):
Provider present at induction end.
Temperature MPOG Concept IDs |
Case Time MPOG Concept IDs |
||
3050 |
Temp 1- Unspecified Site |
50002 |
AACD Anesthesia Start Date/Time |
3051 |
Temp 2- Unspecified Site |
50003 |
AACD Patient in Room Date/Time |
3052 |
Temp 1- Monitoring Site |
50004 |
AACD Induction Start Date/Time |
3053 |
Temp 2- Monitoring Site |
50005 |
AACD Induction End Date/Time |
3031 |
Temperature- Temporal Artery |
50006 |
AACD Procedure Start Date/Time |
3054 |
Temperature- Skin |
50007 |
AACD Procedure Finish Date/Time |
3055 |
Temperature- Esophageal |
50008 |
AACD Patient out of room Date/Time |
3056 |
Temperature- Blood |
50009 |
AACD Anesthesia End Date/Time |
3057 |
Temperature- Tympanic |
Extubation MPOG Concept IDs |
|
3058 |
Temperature- Bladder |
50127 |
Intubation Extubated Awake or Deep |
3059 |
Temperature- Nasopharyngeal |
50145 |
Laryngeal Mask Airway removed Deep or Awake |
3060 |
Temperature- Axillary |
50202 |
Emergence- Patient Extubated |
3061 |
Temperature- Rectal |
|
|
3062 |
Temperature- Myocardial |
|
|
3533 |
Temperature Route |
|
|
50191 |
Monitoring- Temperature Probe Placed |
|
|
50192 |
Monitoring- Temperature Probe Location/Type |
|
|
Warming Method Concept IDs |
|
||
50138 |
Patient Warming Method- Convective Warmer |
|
|
50320 |
Warming Attempts- Warm Room |
|
|
50321 |
Warming Attempts- Convective Warmer |
|
|
50322 |
Warming Attempts- Warm Blanket |
|
|
50323 |
Warming Attempts- Radiant Heaters |
|
|
50324 |
Warming Attempts- Fluid Warmer |
|
|
50325 |
Warming Attempts- Warmer or blankets location detail |
|
General and neuraxial anesthesia causes vasodilation thus redistributing body heat from the core to peripheries. This redistribution can cause hypothermia. Core temperatures outside the normal range pose significant risks to patients. Pediatric patients are more likely to develop perioperative hypothermia due to a high surface area to weight ratio and inability to regulate their own temperature.1 Published research has correlated impaired wound healing, adverse cardiac events, altered drug metabolism, and coagulopathies with unplanned perioperative hypothermia. These adverse outcomes resulted in prolonged hospital stays and increased healthcare expenditures. Active warming techniques provide the best results for reducing cutaneous heat loss and preventing hypothermia.2-7
Not applicable.
1. Carpenter L, Baysinger CL. Maintaining perioperative normothermia in the patient undergoing cesarean delivery. Obstetrical & gynecological survey. 2012;67(7):436-446.
2. Horn EP, Schroeder F, Gottschalk A, et al. Active warming during cesarean delivery. Anesthesia and analgesia. 2002;94(2):409-414, table of contents.
3. Insler SR, Sessler DI. Perioperative thermoregulation and temperature monitoring. Anesthesiology clinics. 2006;24(4):823-837.
4. Kim P, Taghon T, Fetzer M, Tobias JD. Perioperative hypothermia in the pediatric population: a quality improvement project. American journal of medical quality : the official journal of the American College of Medical Quality. 2013;28(5):400-406.
5. Madrid E, Urrutia G, Roque i Figuls M, et al. Active body surface warming systems for preventing complications caused by inadvertent perioperative hypothermia in adults. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2016;4:Cd009016.
6. Sessler DI. Temperature monitoring and perioperative thermoregulation. Anesthesiology. 2008;109(2):318-338.
7. Sun Z, Honar H, Sessler DI, et al. Intraoperative core temperature patterns, transfusion requirement, and hospital duration in patients warmed with forced air. Anesthesiology. 2015;122(2):276-285.